Introduction to Solids Control in Drilling Operations

The KOSUN Solids Control System is an integrated solution designed to remove drilled solids, maintain optimal drilling fluid properties, and reduce environmental impact in oil & gas operations. As a leading manufacturer with 30+ years of experience, KOSUN delivers reliable solids control equipment for both onshore and offshore applications.

This comprehensive guide covers:
✔ Core components of KOSUN solids control system
✔ How the 5-stage purification process works
✔ Key benefits over conventional systems
✔ Industry applications and case studies

5-Stage Solids Control Process by KOSUN

1. Shale Shakers (Primary Removal)

• Function: Remove large cuttings (74+ μm)
• KOSUN Advantage:
  • Linear/elliptical motion models
  • API-compliant screen design
  • 20-30% higher throughput than industry average

2. Desanders & Desilters (Secondary Removal)

• Particle Removal Range:
  • Desanders: 45-74 μm
  • Desilters: 15-44 μm
• KOSUN Technology:
  • Hydrocyclone clusters with wear-resistant liners
  • Optimized cone geometry for 98% separation efficiency

3. Decanter Centrifuges (Fine Solids Removal)

• Critical for:
  • Weighted mud recovery
  • Colloidal solids (<15 μm) removal
• KOSUN Models Feature:
  • Variable frequency drive (VFD) control
  • G-force up to 3,200 × g
  • 30% lower power consumption

4. Degassers (Gas Removal)

• Handles:
  • Entrained gases (H₂S, CH₄)
  • Foam suppression
• KOSUN Vacuum Degasser:
  • 99% gas removal efficiency
  • Integrated with mud gas separator

5. Centrifugal Pumps & Mud Tanks

• Closed-Loop System:
  • 500-3,000 GPM capacity range
  • Corrosion-resistant steel construction
  • Customizable tank configurations

Industry Applications

Oil & Gas Drilling

• Reduces drilling fluid costs by 40-60%
• Improves ROP by maintaining optimal mud weight

HDD (Horizontal Directional Drilling)

• Compact skid-mounted units
• Meets urban environmental regulations

CBM & Shale Gas Operations

• Handles high clay content formations
• Recovers 85%+ of expensive synthetic mud

KOSUN vs Conventional Systems

Parameter	KOSUN System	Standard Systems
Solids Removal Efficiency	95-98%	80-90%
Fluid Recovery Rate	90%+	70-80%
Power Consumption	15-20% lower	Industry average
Footprint	Modular compact design	Bulky layout
Automation Level	IoT-enabled monitoring	Manual controls

6 Key Advantages of Choosing KOSUN

1. Proven Reliability: 3,000+ installations worldwide
2. Custom Engineering: Site-specific solutions for:
   • Arctic conditions (-50°C)
   • Desert operations (50°C+)
   • Offshore platforms
3. Cost Savings:
   • 30% reduction in waste disposal costs
   • 50% longer equipment lifespan
4. Environmental Compliance:
   • Meets API RP 13C standards
   • Reduces drilling waste volume by 60%
5. Smart Monitoring:
   • Real-time solids analysis
   • Predictive maintenance alerts
6. Global Support:
   • 24/7 technical assistance
   • Local spare parts warehouses

Case Study: North Sea Offshore Project

Challenge: High-pressure well with expensive synthetic-based mud
KOSUN Solution:

• Customized 5-stage system with:
  • Dual-motion shale shakers
  • High-G centrifuges
    Results:
    ✔ 92% drilling fluid recovery
    ✔ $2.8M saved in mud costs
    ✔ Zero environmental incidents

How to Select the Right System

Consider these factors:

1. Well Parameters: Depth, formation type, mud weight
2. Flow Rate Requirements: 500-5,000 GPM options
3. Mobility Needs: Skid-mounted vs trailer-mounted
4. Automation Level: Basic vs smart IoT systems
5. Future Expansion: Modular design capabilities

Revolutionize Your Separation Process with Industry-Leading Centrifuge Technology

In today’s demanding industrial and environmental applications, the Black Rhino Decanter Centrifuge stands as a game-changing solution for superior solids-liquid separation. Engineered for peak performance in the most challenging conditions, our advanced centrifuge technology delivers unmatched efficiency, durability, and cost-effectiveness across multiple industries.

Why Choose Black Rhino Decanter Centrifuge?

✔ Unparalleled Separation Efficiency – Achieves up to 99.9% solids recovery with precise G-force control
✔ Heavy-Duty Construction – Robust stainless steel design withstands corrosive and abrasive materials
✔ Energy-Smart Operation – Innovative motor technology reduces power consumption by up to 30%
✔ Low Maintenance Design – Easy-access components and wear-resistant materials minimize downtime
✔ Smart Control Systems – Optional IoT-enabled monitoring for real-time performance optimization

Cutting-Edge Technical Specifications

• Capacity Range: 5-150 m³/h depending on model
• Bowl Diameter: 300-600 mm options available
• G-Force: Adjustable up to 3,500 x g
• Materials: 316L stainless steel, tungsten carbide protection
• Differential Speed: 5-30 rpm with infinite adjustment

Industry-Proven Applications

Oil & Gas Sector

• Drilling mud processing
• Barite recovery
• Slop oil treatment
• Cuttings dewatering

Environmental Services

• Municipal sludge dewatering
• Industrial wastewater treatment
• Contaminated soil remediation
• Dredging operations

Mining & Minerals

• Tailings management
• Kaolin clay processing
• Mineral recovery
• Process water clarification

Food & Biotech

• Starch separation
• Yeast processing
• Brewery byproduct recovery
• Protein concentration

Smart Features That Set Us Apart

🔹 VFD Control System – Precise speed adjustment for optimal separation
🔹 Quick-Disassembly Design – Reduces cleaning and maintenance time by 50%
🔹 Anti-Vibration Technology – Smooth operation even at maximum G-force
🔹 Custom Configurations – Tailored solutions for specific material challenges

The Black Rhino Advantage

Our decanter centrifuges deliver measurable benefits:
✅ 40% Longer Service Life than conventional centrifuges
✅ 30% Lower Operating Costs through energy efficiency
✅ 20% Higher Throughput with optimized separation dynamics
✅ Zero Fluid Loss ensuring maximum product recovery

Engineered for Your Success

Whether you’re processing drilling fluids, treating wastewater, or recovering valuable materials, the Black Rhino Decanter Centrifuge provides:

• Reliability – Built to operate 24/7 in harsh conditions
• Flexibility – Adaptable to varying feed conditions
• Profitability – Faster processing means quicker ROI
• Sustainability – Reduced waste and energy footprint

Experience the Black Rhino Difference Today!

Transform your separation process with technology that outperforms conventional centrifuges in every measurable way. Our engineering team stands ready to help you select the perfect configuration for your specific needs.

📞 Contact our specialists now for a free application evaluation and performance demonstration!

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Drilling waste management is a critical aspect of oil and gas operations, ensuring that drilling activities are conducted efficiently, safely, and in an environmentally responsible manner. As drilling operations generate significant amounts of waste, including cuttings, used drilling fluids, and other byproducts, effective waste management is essential to minimize environmental impact and comply with regulatory requirements.

KOSUN is a leading provider of drilling waste management solutions, offering a comprehensive range of equipment and technologies designed to handle drilling waste effectively. From shale shakers and centrifuges to cuttings dryers and waste treatment systems, KOSUN’s products are engineered to separate, treat, and dispose of drilling waste in a sustainable and cost-effective manner.

One of KOSUN’s standout solutions is its integrated drilling waste management system, which combines multiple pieces of equipment to create a seamless waste treatment process. This system not only reduces the volume of waste generated but also recovers valuable drilling fluids for reuse, lowering operational costs and conserving resources.

By partnering with KOSUN, drilling companies can achieve their waste management goals while maintaining operational efficiency and environmental compliance. KOSUN’s commitment to innovation and sustainability makes it a trusted partner in the oil and gas industry.

The shield’s mud-water separation system is generally composed of five units: mud-water separation and treatment unit, mud mixing unit, mud transfer unit, mud preparation unit, and mud monitoring and integrated control unit.

Shield mud-water separation system

1. Sludge water separation and treatment unit

The role of the mud-water treatment unit is to separate the clay and gravel mixed mud formed by the cutter head for solid-liquid separation, according to different requirements to achieve multi-level controlled separation, and finally meet the mud reuse. When selecting sludge treatment equipment, two aspects must be considered: (1) It must be able to effectively separate the sand and soil in the mud and control the mud density; ② Must have the processing capacity commensurate with the propulsion speed and match with the shield machine. The high-frequency dewatering vibrating screen is used as a secondary solid phase control separation, and the screening treatment of mud and water is based on the effective removal of the mass and block of the coarse particles, and the control of the discharge of the solid phase water content (the control is particularly important for the current environmental protection requirements reduction and non-landing transportation) double or three layers of the vibrating screen generally adopt the separation of the coarse particles.

2. Mud mixing unit

The mud mixing unit consists of a new slurry tank, a new slurry pump, a new slurry agitator, a new slurry storage tank, a CMS mixing tank, a CMS agitator, a CMS pump, a distributing valve and a water adding equipment. The CMS mixing tank stores chemical paste, and the new slurry tank stores bentonite and other materials. The stirred CMS chemical paste is sent to the new slurry tank for mixing and stirring to make fresh slurry.

3. Mud preparation unit

The slurry preparation unit is composed of an adjusting tank, residual tank, adjusting tank agitator, residual tank agitator, adjusting pump, residual pump, density pump, slurry pump, water-adding equipment, etc. The adjusting tank adjusts the old and new grout, and the remaining tank stores the old and new grout, which is stirred by the agitator respectively and tested by the density pump. Then the adjusted grout is sent to the shield mud tank by the slurry pump.

4. Mud transfer unit

The function of the mud transfer unit is to transport the adjusted slurry to the mud tank of the shield through the mud pump and the mud pipe to participate in the mud circulation system of the shield machine. The mud synthesized from the soil and sand is cut by the cutter head and the mud water in the mud water tank is separated by the mud pump and the mud water treatment sub-system is sent to the ground by the mud drainage pipe. The mud conveying unit is mainly composed of a mud pump, valve group, mud conveying pipe and its supporting parts, etc., which is operated automatically by the mud monitoring system.

5. Mud monitoring unit

The operation and operation of the slurry water separation system is realized by the slurry monitoring system. The mud monitoring system is realized by the PLC program. The application of a mud monitoring module, can provide reliable information and collect technical data on mud water systems for shield construction at any time. The mud monitoring module can monitor five different states such as bypass mode, driving mode, reverse circulation mode, isolation mode, and long-time shutdown mode control.

1. The liquid-gas separator should be tested after installation. Pour clean water or drilling fluid into the separator until there is liquid flowing out of the outlet pipe.

2, before use, the maximum allowable working pressure should be calculated according to the measured effective height of U-shaped tube and drilling fluid density (maximum allowable working pressure Pmax= effective height of U-shaped tube H× drilling fluid density ρ).

3, before entering the oil and gas reservoir, the cadre on duty or the driller should check the liquid gas separator:
(1) The stop valve under the pressure gauge is normally open.
(2) The safety valve is in normal working condition (the safety valve handle is perpendicular to the ground). Before installation, before opening the oil and gas reservoir, and every 30 days during operation in the oil and gas reservoir, the safety valve is activated by turning the handle in the counterclockwise direction.
(3) The pressure measuring flange globe valve is normally open.
(4) The stop valve is closed after the exhaust pipeline blowdown.
(5) The ignition device is complete.

4, the external fitter for each shift of liquid gas separator and its accessories tour inspection, focusing on the tank, pipeline, safety valve, pressure gauge, fasteners, such as appearance inspection, found problems timely rectification.

5. After the liquid-gas separator is put into use, if the separated gas contains hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide or flammable gas, warning measures should be taken, and the ignition operation instructions should be issued by the cadre or technician on duty, and the ignition process should be supervised.
   6, the ignition operation is implemented by the external fitter, and the ignition process should follow the procedure of first ignition and then operation.
6. During the use of the liquid-gas separator, special personnel should be arranged to observe the return of drilling fluid from the liquid outlet, the vibration of the liquid inlet pipeline and the pressure of the exhaust pipeline, monitor the flame height, and ignition should be carried out again when the flame is extinguished. When one of the following abnormal phenomena is found, it should be stopped immediately and reported in time.
   (1) There is gas discharge at the outlet of the drain pipe or liquid discharge at the outlet of the exhaust pipe.
   (2) The exhaust pipe pressure gauge reading is greater than the maximum allowable working pressure calculated.
   (3) The main pressure elements of the liquid-gas separator appear cracks, bulging, deformation, leakage and other defects.
   (4) Safety accessories such as safety valves and pressure gauges fail.
   (5) The seal or fixed damage of liquid intake pipeline, liquid discharge pipeline, exhaust pipeline, fasteners, etc.
   (6) Severe vibration of liquid-gas separator and pipeline threatens safe operation.
7. When the wellbore is full of gas, it is prohibited to use a liquid-gas separator.
8. It is strictly prohibited to perform electric welding operations on the liquid gas separator tank, liquid intake pipeline and exhaust pipe line.

maintenance
After the use of the liquid-gas separator, the following maintenance should be done:
one Clean the inside of the liquid-gas separator with clean water.

2. Open all blowdown valves, and timely discharge the residual drilling fluid or water in the separator tank, liquid discharge and exhaust pipeline.
3. Check, tighten and maintain connection bolts and platen bolts.
4. During winter construction, heat preservation and anti-freezing measures should be taken for liquid inlet pipeline and blowdown valve of liquid-gas separator.
5. If the site use time reaches one year, the well control equipment maintenance unit shall conduct inspection and maintenance, and issue inspection and maintenance report.
   6 Every three years should be in accordance with the “Special equipment safety Technical specifications: Fixed pressure vessel safety technical supervision regulations” (TSG21-2016) requirements, by the inspection qualification of the organization to carry out an internal and external inspection of the liquid gas separator. If the corrosion rate of the main material of the separator is greater than 0.3 mm/year, the period of internal and external inspection should be appropriately shortened.
6. The safety valve and pressure gauge should be checked once a year.

Drilling solid control system is a slurry pulping system for drilling rig, which is mainly used to control and manage the mud performance in the drilling process, and provide the necessary lubrication and cooling conditions for drilling operations.
Mud not landing is the back-end equipment of drilling solid control system, which is mainly used to deal with the abandoned drilling cuttings after the drilling solid control system.

1. Drilling solid control system

Drilling solid control system is a slurry mixing and pulping system for drilling rig, which is mainly used to control and manage the mud performance in the drilling process, and provide necessary lubrication and cooling for drilling operations.

1. Definition and function

The drilling solid control system mainly controls the key parameters such as the specific gravity, viscosity and sand content of mud by means of pulping and mixing. This system includes pulping equipment, pulping equipment, and corresponding control systems to monitor and adjust mud performance in real time to ensure that it meets the needs of drilling operations.

Step 2: Importance

The importance of drilling solid control system is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(1) Improve drilling efficiency: By controlling mud performance, drilling tools can be lubricated and cooled effectively

(2) Ensure drilling safety: Reasonable mud performance can effectively control the bottom hole pressure, prevent blowout, leakage and other accidents, and ensure the safety of drilling operations.

(3) Environmental protection: by controlling the sand content and other parameters of the mud, the generation of waste can be reduced and the pollution to the environment can be reduced.

Second, the mud does not fall system

Mud not landing is the back-end equipment of drilling solid control system, which is mainly used to deal with the abandoned drilling cuttings after the drilling solid control system. Through scientific and technical means, the system realizes the reduction, resource and harmless treatment of waste, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the environment and saving resources.

1. Definition and function

The slurry non-landing system mainly adopts the technical means of solid-liquid separation, dehydration, drying, etc., to carry out harmless treatment of abandoned drilling cuttings. The system can recycle the useful components in the waste, reduce the discharge of waste, and achieve the purpose of protecting the environment. At the same time, the system can also be used for the treatment of waste resources, such as backfill, brick and so on.

Step 2: Importance

The importance of mud non-landing system is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(1) Environmental protection: reduce pollution to the environment and protect the ecological environment by treating waste drilling cuttings.
(2) Resource utilization: the useful components of waste are recycled
(3) Economic benefits: Through scientific and technical means, reduce the cost of waste treatment and improve the economic benefits of enterprises.

Three, the difference between the two

To sum up, although drilling solid control and mud not landing are important links in drilling engineering, their roles and objectives are different. Drilling solid control is mainly through the control and management of mud properties to ensure the smooth progress of drilling operations; The mud is mainly through the disposal of waste drilling cuttings to achieve environmental protection, resource utilization and economic benefits. Therefore, there are differences between the two in terms of equipment, technology and management. However, they depend on each other and cooperate with each other in drilling engineering, and make contributions to ensure the smooth progress of drilling operations.

Solid control equipment is used to separate and treat cuttings, mud and sand particles in drilling fluid, maintain drilling fluid properties, and store circulating drilling fluid. It is equipped with a heavy mixing device, a filling device, and a chemical agent filling device. Used to improve the physical and chemical properties of drilling fluid to meet the needs of drilling work.

Useful solid and harmful solid?
Useful solid phase: the solid phase that must be used in the mud, such as bentonite powder, chemical treatment agent, weighting agent, etc.
Harmful solids: solids other than useful solids, such as drilling cuttings, inferior clay, sand, etc.
High-density solid and low-density solid: LGS- Low specific gravity solid phase content, unnecessary solid phase and non-weighted mud material caused by solid phase, HGS- High specific gravity solid phase content, weighted material caused by solid phase.

The solid phase of the drilling fluid was effectively controlled, followed by other drilling improvements:
1, reduce the pump maintenance time.

2. Extended bit life and reduced drilling fluid cost.
   3, conducive to the maintenance of drilling fluid properties to ensure that drilling fluid in rheological control, anti-collapse ability, lubrication performance, cuttings carrying, leakage and plugging, and other aspects have good performance.
3. It is of great significance to ensure underground safety, improve the drilling rate, shorten drilling cycle, and save total drilling costs.

If the solid phase in the drilling fluid is not removed, it will be hydrated and dispersed in the drilling fluid, and then become finer and finer through mechanical crushing, and the surface area will increase infinitely, eventually leading to a series of problems. Colloidal particles smaller than 1 micron in the mud have a 12 times greater effect on the drilling rate than coarse particles larger than 1 micron, so the drilling rate using a non-dispersed system is much faster than using a dispersed system.

Last week, Xi ‘an KOSUN production of ZJ70 rig solid control system successfully sent to the domestic rig factory for supporting commissioning, this cooperation is the Ukrainian customer, the final use of the equipment in Turkmenistan, mainly for the treatment of local oil drilling mud.

The ZJ70 rig solid control system is composed of a solid control tank, water tank, rain shelter, vibrating screen, vacuum degator, cleaner, variable frequency centrifuge, liquid supply pump, sand pump, mixing weight leakage, mud agitator, sitting room and other equipment to form a five-level solid control system, which can classify drilling mud. Also, it can weigh, mix, and stir mud. The equipment is simple to operate and convenient to maintain. The operating cost is effectively reduced and the overall drilling efficiency is improved.
To facilitate the successful delivery of the project, the Kesun team works day and night to carry out production work, from the selection of equipment to production, and then to the internal assembly and commissioning, each link is strictly controlled to ensure that we provide customers with high-quality products.
As a professional manufacturer of solid-liquid separation equipment, KOSUN has perfect experience in research and development and production of separation equipment for mud, drilling cuttings, sludge, and other materials, and provides customized transportation equipment solutions according to the characteristics of site construction, focusing on providing customers with solid waste reduction, harmless and resource services. The company has been adhering to the “quality first, customer first” business philosophy, constantly innovating and improving products, and improving product quality and performance to meet customers’ changing needs.

Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) has become a popular method for installing underground utilities with minimal damage to the surface. An important aspect of HDD operations is the management of drilling mud, which is critical for lubricating the drill bit, carrying cuttings to the surface, and stabilizing the borehole. To effectively handle slurry, HDD contractors rely on advanced slurry recovery and recovery systems.

HDD mud recovery system, also known as mud circulation system, is an important part of HDD operations. The system is designed to remove solids, control viscosity and maintain the properties of the drilling mud, ensuring it can be reused throughout the drilling process. By recycling slurry, contractors can minimize waste, reduce costs, and comply with environmental regulations.

Horizontal directional crossing mud recovery systems play a vital role in separating drilling mud from drilling solids, thereby enabling effective mud recovery and reuse. Not only does this reduce the amount of fresh water required for the drilling process, but it also minimizes the disposal of drilling waste, making the operation more sustainable.

Mud handling equipment is an integral part of the HDD mud recovery system as it helps separate solids from the drilling mud. The equipment typically includes vibrating screens, desanders, desilters and centrifuges, which work together to remove particles of different sizes from the slurry, ensuring it meets the specifications required for reuse.

HDD trenchless mud recovery systems are designed to address the specific challenges of high pressures and flow rates encountered by mud in trenchless drilling. The system is designed to efficiently handle and recover drilling mud, maintaining its performance under demanding drilling conditions.

In summary, the implementation of HDD mud recovery systems is crucial to the success of horizontal directional drilling projects. By investing in advanced mud recovery systems and handling equipment, HDD contractors can optimize the drilling process, minimize environmental impact, and achieve cost-effective operations. As the demand for trenchless drilling continues to grow, the importance of an efficient mud management system cannot be overstated.

Solid waste management is an important aspect of environmental sustainability and involves the treatment, disposal and resource recovery of solid waste.  A key component of the process is the implementation of a solids control system, which plays a vital role in ensuring solid waste is managed effectively and efficiently.

The disposal of solid waste is an essential step in the solid waste management process.  This involves using a variety of techniques and techniques to reduce the amount of waste and potential environmental impact.  Treatment methods may include composting, incineration and anaerobic digestion.  These processes help minimize the harmful effects of solid waste on the environment and public health.