The drilling fluid solids control system is mainly used to remove harmful solid phases such as drill cuttings and recover useful solid phases such as barite. The solids control system is mainly composed of mud tanks, drilling fluid shale shakers, desanders, desilters, drilling fluid centrifuges and other major equipment, as well as auxiliary equipment such as mud pumps, slurry mixing devices, and vacuum degassers.
The mud tank is mainly used to store the mud and is the carrier of the solids control equipment. The mud purified by the solids control equipment enters the various chambers of the mud tank, and is processed according to different equipment, so as to achieve the removal of solid particles, recovery of barite, and purification of the mud.
The general processing flow of the solids control system: The drilling fluid shale shaker is the first-stage treatment equipment in the solids control system, which can remove the larger solid phase in the drilling fluid, and can remove solid particles above 74μm. The vacuum deaerator is used to remove the gas in the mud. It is the second and solid control device in the solids control system. It can quickly and effectively remove the gas contained in the mud. The deaerator is useful for restoring the mud density and preventing potential blowouts. It plays an important role in the occurrence of the danger of well collapse. The solids control equipment ranked at the third level is the drilling fluid desander. The mud treated by the vacuum degasser is transported into the desander through the sand pump. The drilling fluid desilter is used after the desander, which is used to remove the solid phase of 15~44μm to further ensure the performance of the drilling fluid.
In some solids control systems that need to save space, a desander, a desilter, and an underflow screen can be combined to form a drilling fluid cleaner, which can effectively remove solid particles larger than 15μm. In some uncomplicated drilling platforms, it can completely replace the desander and desilter. The final treatment equipment of the solids control system is a drilling fluid centrifuge, which is mainly used to remove solid particles smaller than 7μm and recover barite, with a recovery rate of 95-97%.
The solids control equipment is mainly used for complex well conditions and demanding well conditions. In the actual application process, according to the needs of drilling operations, one of the mud solids control processes can be used in one or more stages.
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